اسلام میں انسانی حقوق کا تصور (ایک تحقیقی مطالعہ)

THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN ISLAM: A RESEARCH STUDY

Abstract

This research explores the concept of human rights in Islam through a critical and analytical lens, aiming to highlight its comprehensive, universal, and divine nature. While the modern world widely acknowledges human rights through charters like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948), Islam laid the foundation for these rights over fourteen centuries ago. The study investigates the primary Islamic sources—Qur'an and Sunnah—to demonstrate that human dignity, equality, freedom, justice, and the protection of life and property are not only moral values but also religious obligations in Islam.The Prophet Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) Farewell Sermon is analyzed as a historical and practical manifestation of these principles, which granted unprecedented rights to individuals regardless of race, gender, or social class. The research also examines how Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) has dealt with human rights in various schools of thought and how these rights compare to modern secular frameworks.

Additionally, the study addresses the gap between Islamic ideals and the current state of human rights in many Muslim societies, emphasizing that shortcomings are due to misinterpretation, political agendas, and lack of awareness rather than any deficiency in the Islamic system itself. The study concludes with the assertion that Islam offers a holistic and timeless framework for human rights, deeply rooted in divine revelation and practical implementation.By revisiting these teachings and aligning them with modern socio-political structures, Muslim societies can play a leading role in establishing justice, equality, and human dignity in the contemporary world.