اُردو ڈیجیٹل ترجمہ نگاری : موجودہ صورت حال اور امکانات

(URDU DIGITAL TRANSLATION: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS)

Abstract

This study examines the current state and future prospects of Urdu digital translation within the broader historical and technological development of machine translation. It begins by outlining the evolution of digital translation systems and reviewing their application across major world languages, followed by a critical analysis of existing Urdu translation platforms such as Google Translate, Bing Translate, ChatGPT, and other AI-based tools. The research identifies key linguistic and technical challenges that affect Urdu translation quality, including script directionality, morphological and syntactic complexity, polysemy, idiomatic expressions, cultural references, tokenization and parsing difficulties, and Unicode compatibility issues. By situating Urdu within the framework of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP), the study highlights the need for language-specific AI models, large-scale corpora, annotated treebanks, and domain-sensitive lexical resources to improve translation accuracy and contextual coherence. It further explores the applicability of advanced language models such as BERT, LLaMA, and generative AI systems in enhancing Urdu machine translation. In response to the identified limitations, the research proposes a corpus-driven, AI-integrated Urdu translation web application framework designed to provide context-aware, stylistically appropriate, and semantically accurate translations. The study contributes both analytically and practically by offering a comprehensive evaluation of Urdu digital translation and presenting a scalable model aimed at strengthening Urdu’s position in the global digital and AI-driven linguistic landscape.