RULE OF LAW AND FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF QUR’ĀNIC TEACHINGS AND 30 ARTICLES OF THE UDHR

Abstract

In the present era, when there is global Islam o phobia and misunderstandings regarding Islamic laws, this research proves that Qur’ānic rights are not the result of a temporary political necessity but are permanent moral laws bestowed by the Creator of the universe, which provide the basis for global justice, rather than color, race and geographical boundaries.

The article under review examines the close relationship between the thirty (30) articles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and the teachings of the Quran. The main objective of the research is to clarify that the concept of "Global Justice" and human dignity, which the Holy Qur’ān presented fourteen and a half centuries ago, is the basis of modern human rights law.

The article analyzes that while the Universal Declaration is based only on social and political agreements, the Qur’ān presents these rights as "divine obligations", which increases the importance of their sustainability and implementation, which is sufficient to meet the needs of every era. This research article seeks answers to the following two questions:

1. How can the concepts of "justice and beneficence" of the Holy Qur’ān be helpful in meeting the demands of "Global Justice" in the present era?
2. What are the effects of the difference in "Source of Authority" between Qur’ānic rights and secular human rights on their practical implementation?

This research adopts the "Comparative and Descriptive Method". In which interpretations of the Holy Qur’ān, books of Hadith, authentic documents of the United Nations Charter (UDHR 1948), and reputable academic books written on human rights have been utilized.