العبادة: معناها، أهميتها، ذكر بعض أنواع العبادة على ضوء كتاب: التبيان في تفسير أم القرآن لشيخ القران عبد السلام الرستمي رحمه الله المتوفى (1436هـ).

WORSHIP (IBADAH): MEANING, SIGNIFICANCE, AND TYPES BASED ON AT-TIBYAN FI TAFSIR UMM AL-QURAN AUTHORED BY SHAYKH AL-QURAN ABDUL SALAM AL-RUSTUMI (D. 1436 AH)

Abstract

This paper provides an analytical study of the concept of Ibadah (Worship) from theological (Aqidah) and jurisprudential (Fiqh) perspectives, based on the exegesis At-Tibyan fi Tafsir Umm al-Quran by Sheikh Abd us-Salam al-Rustami. After providing a brief biography of the author and an overview of his methodology, the study defines Ibadah as the ultimate existential purpose for humanity and jinn, rooted in absolute love, submission, and reverence directed exclusively toward Allah.

Bridging theory and practice, the research examines eight common public practices to evaluate their alignment with Islamic creed. These include rulings on names attributing servitude to entities other than Allah (e.g., 'Abd al-Nabi); the jurisprudential nuances of bowing, prostrating, or standing out of extreme veneration; practices related to shrines and graves (such as traveling to, circumambulating, or seeking blessings from them); and the strict prohibition of making vows (Nadhr) to anyone besides Allah.

Ultimately, the study highlights the necessity of safeguarding Islamic Monotheism (Tawhid) against polytheism (Shirk) and religious innovations (Bid'ah). It reaffirms that worship is Allah’s exclusive right and emphasizes "blocking the means" (Sadd al-Dhara'i) to prevent the extreme veneration of righteous individuals, advocating for strict adherence to the foundational principles established by the early Muslim generations (Salaf).