VOICE CONSTRUCTION IN ENGLISH AND SHAHMUKHI PUNJABI LANGUAGE: A CORPUS-DRIVEN COMPARATIVE STUDY

Abstract

The present research proposes the corpus-driven study of voice construction in English and Shahmukhi Punjabi language. The main objective of the study was to analyze the voice structural (dis) similarities in English and Shamukhi Punjabi language. The exploratory qualitative research design was used and the data were collected through purposeful sampling technique from the repository Rvel.org website that was translated by Punjabi native speakers of Pakistan. This study employed analytical framework of English passive voice construction that was derived from the ‘Longman Grammar of Spoken and Written English’ by Douglas Bibber, 1998. The framework of Punjabi passive voice was developed on the basis of Punjabi corpus findings. For Analytical procedure, there were software and corpus tools MAT tagger and AntConc 3.5(Laurence Anthony, 2019), Microsoft Excel & Syntax tree generator was used for the systematic tagging and saving the time for manually tagging & counting frequencies. The findings conclude that the similarities and differences were expressed in two languages on the basis of present, past and future auxiliaries, transitive verbs and morphemic aspects. There is no much contextual difference was found in both languages. This study will enhance the understanding of cross-linguistic and cultural variations in grammatical structures. The results contribute to a deeper comprehension of passive voice in Punjabi as well as in other regional languages of any speech community.