INDIGENIZATION OF ENGLISH THROUGH HYBRIDIZATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PAKISTANI AND NIGERIAN ENGLISH

Abstract

English is currently being practised as an International language after globalization. This is the reason majority of the world countries are getting inclined towards it. The current study aims to explore the aspects of hybridization in Pakistani English and Nigerian English to ascertain the variations at different levels.The research study has taken into account a qualitative methodology with purposive sampling, in order to achieve the underlying objectives. The two novels Things fall apart by Chinua Achebe and Kartography by Kmaila Shamsie served as the key sources of data collection for the current research. The study has taken into account a conceptual framework including Kachru’s model of linguistic features of Englishes (1983), and Baumgardner, Kennedy, and Shamim’s (1993), model of contextual areas of Englishes. The study found out that there are significant variations at different levels of both languages, and observed that both the languages have been highly influenced by the regional languages like Urdu, Igbo and Yoruba languages, particularly at lexical level.