EXPLORING THE THEME OF MASCULINITY AND EMOTIONAL VULNERABILITY IN ERNEST HEMINGWAY’S THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA

Abstract

In The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway the protagonist Santiago showcases varied aspects of masculinity by displaying physical strength and emotional frailty through his character development. Throughout his traditional masculine image Santiago experiences physical toughness coupled with emotional challenges that reveal how fighting for survival brings heavy burdens. The narrative shows how self-discovery emerges through the relationship between pride and failure and human need for meaning which reveals that genuine strength demands facing personal weaknesses. Santiago breaks traditional masculine standards through his thoughts about life and loss and dignity which demonstrate that authentic courage requires continued struggle combined with knowing personal boundaries. It becomes evident through this analysis that Hemingway attacks conventional gender standards and reveals humanistic forms of male character.