’’مہاجرت کا کرب:اردو ناول کے تناظر میں ‘‘

‘‘THE AGONY OF MIGRATION: IN THE CONTEXT OF URDU NOVELS”

Abstract

After partition of India and Pakistan, migration caused immense pain. People were severely impacted by the incident, both individually and collectively. The painful scenes of mob attacks, eternal separation from loved ones, and deteriorating political and economic conditions divided a once-unified territory in two. It was not only a geographical division, but also a profound social, cultural, and psychological one. People were forced to abandon their homes, property, and centuries-old kinship to migrate to a foreign land. This migration caused both an emotional and spiritual injury. This terrifying migration experience resulted in numerous problems such as poor management, a weak economy, political chaos, and prejudices. It transformed the subcontinent's social structure into a wounded body. Urdu literature has explored these wounds in great detail and depth. The harm caused by the partition was a topic that Urdu writers explored and incorporated into their works of great literature. These authors, who creatively depicted those agonising partition events, include Intizar Hussain, Nasira Sharma, Abdullah Hussain, Khadija Mastoor, and others. Their books portray the socioeconomic conditions, human emotions, and mob violence of that era in vivid detail.