ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PAKISTAN’S NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY: EVOLUTION AND IMPACTS

Abstract

Artificial intelligence, known as the “fourth industrial revolution,” has transformed warfare and security paradigms. The integration of AI-based technologies into national security ensures safety and survival. AI introduced autonomous weapons, missiles, and cybersecurity mechanisms that raise concerns for developing countries like Pakistan, and they perceive this evolution as a threat to national security. This research seeks to evaluate the role of AI in enhancing Pakistan’s military capabilities, examine the effectiveness of AI-driven devices, and identify ethical and legal challenges. May 2025 India-Pakistan -Operation Sindoor Vs Operation Bunyan Ul Marsoos- is an AI-based military conflict depicted a long list of the warfare shift. It is a qualitative interpretative research study that discusses securitization, cybersecurity, surveillance, and strategic determination as a theoretical framework. It also explores the geopolitical and geographical implications of AI adoption in Pakistan. Therefore, the research questions reveal how AI integration in Pakistan’s national security compares with regional competitors and aims to maintain deterrence with India. To what extent does AI play a role in enhancing Pakistan’s surveillance, intelligence, and national security architecture? It is imperative to highlight the importance of changing the dynamics of security frameworks globally to remain vigilant.