Visualizing Prophecy: The Impact of The Message on Islamic Identity Within the Moroccan Diaspora

Abstract

This article explores the complex relationship between religion and film-viewing practices among the Moroccan diaspora in Antwerp, Belgium—an ethnically and linguistically diverse community that is predominantly Muslim. Through a media ethnographic approach, including in-depth interviews, a group discussion, and extensive fieldwork, the study reveals significant variations in film preferences and consumption patterns, shaped by socio-demographic and linguistic factors. A central focus of the study is the enduring popularity of the religious film Ar-Risalah (The Message, 1976), a historical epic directed by Mustapha Akkad that portrays the life of the Prophet Muhammad. The film has achieved cult status within the community. The article examines the local distribution of the film and analyzes its reception among Moroccan diaspora audiences. By identifying three distinct orientations toward Islam within the community, the study uncovers varied modes of film reception—ranging from detached and analytical to deeply personal and immersive. Ar-Risalah is shown to play a significant role in intergenerational religious education, particularly within family settings and mosque environments. Furthermore, for individuals seeking to define the role of Islam in their personal lives, the film offers a source of spiritual inspiration and guidance.