علامہ اقبال کی نظم (اُردو )میں فلسفہ مرگ و حیات

"THE PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE AND DEATH IN ALLAMA IQBAL'S URDU POETRY"

Abstract

Allama Iqbal’s poetry offers a profound and philosophically rich exploration of the themes of life and death, viewed not as opposites but as interconnected stages of the soul’s eternal journey. For Iqbal, death is not the end of existence, but a meaningful pause—a gateway to a higher realm of consciousness and spiritual evolution. Rooted in Islamic metaphysical thought and deeply informed by his concept of khudi (the self), Iqbal presents death as a necessary transition that leads to the unfolding of the soul’s true potential.

In his poetic vision, earthly life is a test—a temporary phase that demands struggle, self-realization, and moral responsibility. True life, he asserts, begins after death, when the soul moves beyond the limitations of time and space to experience divine justice and ultimate reality. His reflections on death are not marked by fear or despair, but by hope, courage, and a call to inner awakening. Through symbolic imagery and philosophical depth, Iqbal transforms the idea of death into a celebration of the soul’s immortality and humanity’s spiritual purpose. This paper delves into Iqbal’s unique philosophy of life and death, illustrating how his poetic thought transcends material concerns to inspire a deeper understanding of human existence and destiny.

حوالہ جات

1. یوسف حسین خان، ڈاکٹر، روح اقبال، لاہور: القمر انٹرپرائزز، 1996ء،ص: 256-255
2. Muhammad Iqbal, The Secrect of Self, Translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, Sh., Muhammad Ashraf, Lahore, 1975, P:xxiv
3. محمد اقبال، ڈاکٹر، کلیات اقبال، (اُردو) لاہور: علم و عرفان پبلشرز، 2014ء،ص: 40
4. رابعہ سرفراز، ڈاکٹر، اقبلا کا تصور خودی، جبر و قدر اور حیات بعد الموت، مضمون، مشمولہ: خیابان، ششماہی شمارہ نمبر 69، جلد دوم، جامعہ پشاور، 2024ء،ص: 73
5. محمد اقبال، ڈاکٹر، کلیاتِ اقبال اُردو، ص: 230-231
6. محمد حسن الاعظمی، الحیات ولموت فی فلسفہ اقبال یعنی اقبال کا فلسفہ حیات و موت، دکن: بزم اقبال، 1975ء،ص: 31
7. محمد اقبال، ڈاکٹر، کلیاتِ اقبال اُردو، ص: 233
8. ایضاً،ص: 259
9. ایضاً،ص: 95
10. غلام عمر خاں، ڈاکٹر، اقبال کا تصور عشق، دکن: ادارہ ادبیات اُردو، س ن،ص: 79
11. غلام عمر خاں، ڈاکٹر، اقبال کا تصورِ خودی، دکن: ادارہ ادبیات، 1966ء،ص: 110
12. محمد اقبال، ڈاکٹر، کلیاتِ اقبال اُردو، ص: 103
13. ایضاً،ص: 269
14. ایضاً،ص: 87

Refrences:

1. Khan, Yusuf Husain. Ruh-e-Iqbal. Lahore: Al-Qamar Enterprises, 1996, pp. 255–256.
2. Iqbal, Muhammad. The Secret of the Self. Translated by Reynold A. Nicholson. Lahore: Sh. Muhammad Ashraf, 1975, p. xxiv.
3. Iqbal, Muhammad. Kulliyat-e-Iqbal (Urdu). Lahore: Ilm-o-Irfan Publishers, 2014, p. 40.
4. Sarfraz, Dr. Rabia. "Iqbal ka Tasawwur-e-Khudi, Jabr-o-Qadar aur Hayat baad az Maut." Khiyaban, Biannual Journal, No. 69, Vol. 2, University of Peshawar, 2024, p. 73.
5. Iqbal, Muhammad. Kulliyat-e-Iqbal (Urdu), pp. 230–231.
6. Al-A'zmi, Muhammad Hasan. Al-Hayat wa al-Maut fi Falsafah-e-Iqbal yani Iqbal ka Falsafah-e-Hayat o Maut. Deccan: Bazm-e-Iqbal, 1975, p. 31.
7. Iqbal, Muhammad. Kulliyat-e-Iqbal (Urdu), p. 233.
8. Ibid., p. 259.
9. Ibid., p. 95.
10. Khan, Dr. Ghulam Umar. Iqbal ka Tasawwur-e-Ishq. Deccan: Idara Adabiyaat Urdu, n.d., p. 79.
11. Khan, Dr. Ghulam Umar. Iqbal ka Tasawwur-e-Khudi. Deccan: Idara Adabiyaat, 1966, p. 110.
12. Iqbal, Muhammad. Kulliyat-e-Iqbal (Urdu), p. 103.
13. Ibid., p. 269.
14. Ibid., p. 87.

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Shahid, M. N. A., & Akbar, S. (2024). Uniqueness of Radif in Ghazaliat of Allama Muhammad Iqbal. Tahqeed, 5 (2), 17–26. https://tahqeed.pk/index.php/tahqeed/article/view/141