عطایا و وظائف کے دعوتی اثرات: تالیفِ قلوب کا سیرتِ نبوی ﷺ کی روشنی میں تحقیقی مطالعہ

The Da‘wah Impact of Grants and Stipends: A Research Study of Ta’līf al-Qulūb in the Light of the Prophetic Biography

Abstract

Humanity toward moral rectitude and ultimate success in this world and the Hereafter. The Qur’an and Sunnah emphasize wisdom, compassion, and consideration of human psychology in fulfilling this mission. Among the effective means of Da‘wah employed by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was the strategic use of grants and stipends (‘Aṭāyā and Wazā’if) to soften hearts, a principle known as Ta’līf al-Qulūb. This research study explores the Da‘wah-oriented impact of grants and stipends in the light of the Qur’an and the Prophetic biography, with special focus on the distribution of spoils of war after the Battle of Ḥunayn. The study explains how the Prophet (peace be upon him), through generous financial allocations to newly inclined or influential individuals, succeeded in removing hostility, fostering goodwill, and strengthening their attachment to Islam. The research analyzes relevant Qur’anic verses, Prophetic traditions, and historical events to demonstrate that Ta’līf al-Qulūb was not mere material appeasement but a purposeful Da‘wah strategy rooted in deep understanding of human emotions and social dynamics. The study concludes that the Prophetic application of grants and stipends played a crucial role in stabilizing the early Muslim community and expanding Islam’s message. This model remains highly relevant for contemporary Da‘wah efforts, emphasizing that winning hearts is as vital as conveying arguments.