ENHANCING ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS THROUGH LITERATURE: A STUDY OF UNIVERSITY ESL LEARNERS IN PAKISTAN

Abstract

The current study investigates the effectiveness of literature-based instruction on the ESL students of English language at university in Pakistan. The study was based on Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and Sociocultural Theory, which placed significant importance on meaningful interaction and peer support as the key drivers of the skill development process. The mixed-method approach was used, and pre- and post-tests, classroom observations, and focus group interviews were used to measure vocabulary, reading comprehension, speaking skills, motivation, and critical thinking. Fifty undergraduate students participated in literature circle and facilitated discussions during a period of eight weeks. The analysis of quantitative data was conducted through paired-sample t-tests and calculation of the effect size, and the analysis of qualitative data was conducted through thematic analysis. Everyone had achieved a lot in vocabulary, reading comprehension, and speaking proficiency. Gain in motivation, confidence and critical thinking were also recorded. Triangulation of findings by different sources was used to support convergent validity. The findings indicate the possibility of successfully placing literature into ESL classrooms that will improve not only language abilities but also cognitive growth. Pedagogical practise and curriculum design are recommended.