قبل از اسلام مکہ کی معاشی تنظیمِ نو اور رفاہی ڈھانچے کی تشکیل میں حضرت ہاشم بن عبد منافؓ کا کردار

Economic Reorganization and Development of Welfare Institutions in Pre-Islamic Mecca: The Leadership Role of Hashim ibn ʿAbd Manāf

Abstract

This article examines the socio-economic and welfare-based leadership of Hashim ibn Abd Manaf (RA) and his transformative role in pre-Islamic Meccan society. It argues that his leadership extended beyond tribal authority to institutionalized welfare structures, including the formal organization of Rifādah and Siqāyah, regulation of pilgrimage services, and the establishment of international trade agreements that strengthened Quraysh’s economic stability. Through diplomatic engagement with regional powers and structured commercial networks, he laid the foundation for Mecca’s emergence as a religious and commercial center. The study further highlights his contribution to social cohesion, collective economic investment, and moral reform through initiatives such as trade organization and participation in the Hilf al-Fudūl. These reforms demonstrate that Hashim’s leadership represented a model of ethical governance, economic consolidation, and welfare-oriented administration. His institutional contributions created a stable socio-economic environment that later facilitated the rise of the Prophetic mission within the Banū Hāshim framework..