HALAL E-COMMERCE: CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND SHARIAH COMPLIANCE IN DIGITAL TRADE

Abstract

This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the concept of Halal e-commerce, its practical scope, and its growing importance in the modern digital economy. In the contemporary era, e-commerce has fundamentally transformed the structure of global trade, making the exchange of goods and services faster, easier, and borderless. In this context, Halal e-commerce emerges as a system that regulates digital commercial activities in accordance with Islamic Shariah principles.The study examines the fundamental concepts of Halal e-commerce, its economic and social opportunities, and its global development trends. Furthermore, it critically explores key challenges such as the lack of uniform Shariah standards, digital fraud, complexities in financial systems, legal and regulatory barriers, and the trust deficit in Halal certification systems.

The research also highlights that with proper Shariah governance, modern technologies such as blockchain and artificial intelligence, and effective policy reforms, Halal e-commerce can become a strong and sustainable economic platform for the global Muslim economy. In particular, it plays a significant role in enhancing export potential by facilitating access to international markets for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs).Finally, the paper concludes that Halal e-commerce is not only an economic opportunity but also a comprehensive digital economic model based on Islamic ethical principles, promoting transparency, justice, and trust in global trade.