اسلامی قوانین غنیمت كےچند اہم عنوانات امام محمدؒ كی كتاب (السیر الكبیر )كی روشنی میں

“Key Legal Principles of War Booty in Islamic Law: An Analytical Study in the Light of Imam Muhammad’s Al-Siyar al-Kabir”

Abstract

The concept of ghanimah (war booty) in Islamic jurisprudence represents a critical intersection of law, ethics, and socio-political order. Imam Muhammad ibn al-Hasan al-Shaybani’s monumental work Al-Siyar al-Kabir provides one of the earliest systematic treatments of this subject, offering detailed principles on acquisition, distribution, and utilization of spoils of war. His analysis situates war booty not merely as material gain but as a regulated institution bound by divine injunctions and communal responsibility. The text emphasizes fairness in distribution, prioritization of collective welfare, and strict adherence to ethical norms, thereby preventing exploitation and injustice. This study highlights key themes such as the rightful ownership of spoils, the role of the state in managing distribution, and the moral obligations of combatants. By examining Imam Muhammad’s framework, the research underscores the intellectual depth of classical Islamic law and its relevance to contemporary discussions on justice and resource management in conflict situations. Ultimately, Al-Siyar al-Kabir demonstrates how Islamic jurisprudence integrates spiritual values with pragmatic governance, ensuring that war booty serves as a means of collective benefit rather than individual greed.