BEYOND THE MAGIC: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE STUDY OF DIVERSITY IN DISNEY’S CHILDREN’S MOVIES - LUCA (2021) AND RAYA AND THE LAST DRAGON (2021)

Abstract

The study investigates the complex interplay of diversity, inclusivity, and power dynamics within Disney’s Luca (2021) and Raya and the Last Dragon (2021). Despite widespread recognition of the impact of diverse and inclusive representations in children’s entertainment media, the underlying power structures and dominant narratives reinforce stereotypes and perpetuate hidden ideologies. It examines how power dynamics related to intersectional identities of class, ethnicity, gender, and race shape representations of diversity and inclusion. It employs Fairclough’s 3D model of CDA and draws on intersectionality theory. In Luca, the emphasis on assimilation into human society coupled with the “othering” of sea monsters through language and narrative structure, reinforces a human-centric worldview and perpetuates existing power imbalances. The totality of diminished agency of the female character “Giulia” further highlights intersecting gender stereotypes. Raya and the Last Dragon also exhibit tendencies towards cultural homogenisation and Orientalist tropes. While it features a female protagonist and draws inspiration from Southeast Asian cultures, the representation of different tribes through essentialising metaphors and the reliance on the “chosen one” narrative reinforce existing power structures. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of the role of children’s media in shaping cultural discourse and the importance of critical engagement with media messages.