گیت’’سمّی میری وار میں واری‘‘کاتہذیبی و لسانی جائزہ

Abstract

Guru Jambheshwar Ji was born in 1451 CE in Pipasar village, Nagaur district, Rajasthan, into a Panwar Rajput family. At the age of 34, in 1485 CE, he founded the Bishnoi sect at Samrathal Dhora (a sand dune). This was a period of severe drought and natural calamities in Rajasthan.

Guru Jambheshwar Ji laid down 29 principles for his followers, who became known as "Bishnoi" (Bish meaning twenty, and Noi meaning nine). These principles emphasize environmental protection, compassion towards animals, ethical conduct, and spiritual discipline. His teachings are compiled in "Shabdavani," which contains 120 verses.

The sacrifice of Amrita Devi and others is a poignant yet proud event in Bishnoi history. This sacrifice was not for a folk character named "Sammi," but to save Khejri trees. While "Sammi" is a character from a folk song, Amrita Devi and other Bishnois' sacrifice is a real historical event.

In the song "Sammi Meri Waar Main Waari," the word "Sammi" originates from Sanskrit. The word "Waari" is used as a past tense verb (first-person singular feminine) in Urdu, Punjabi, and Seraiki. Nouns like "Chobare" (balcony/upper room) and "Dil" (heart) are used with the same meaning across these three languages. The word "Meri" (my) carries the same meaning in both Urdu and Punjabi. Words like "Ni" and "Soye" are commonly used in Punjabi, while other words in the song are found in Punjabi and Seraiki, sometimes with identical spellings and sometimes with minor variations.